CruiserBruce

Probably the most frequently asked question on this board. It doesn't matter.

Yes. By Mother Nature or the ship, depending on where the ship is. The question is, if the ship is heating the water, will it be warm enough...an individual decision.

I have never heard a hotel refuse to hold bags for incoming or departing guests.

If you look on the Northern Europe board, where this is discussed frequently....I think its around $40.

They start to show up in early December.

For Rome and Naples, use Rome in Limo. They operate in both, are a great company, and may give you a discount if you book more than one tour with them. There is a huge thread just down the board. There are also many threads here on the third party operators. Don't. As @cruisemom42 says, just book direct with the vendors.

Not aware there is a hop on, hop off on Maui, or any other island other than Oahu.

I have interacted with Rome in Limo 8 times, including a couple of custom tours, with one being out of Florence into the surrounding areas, including Siena and the Chianti region. Not quite what you seek, but certainly custome tours. If they can do it, they will.

As @cruisemom42 stated, if you start talking to a vendor, like the great Rome in Limo, they will build a custom tour. Don't just look at their website and their pre-designed tours. CONTACT them and say "we would like to do something like this". They will try to build you a custom tour, if it can be done.

Going to vary by ship...there isn't going to be one answer that covers every ship. We sailed Iceland and Greenland in July/August. For 14 days, the outside temp was never higher than mid 50s, frequently in the 40s. The inside of the ship was fine, didn't require layers. It sounds like you might be more sensitive...and you will need at least a few layers for ashore anyway.

Its a short flight...doesn't have to be perfect. TAP is the same as many domestic airlines in the US.

So, we are at 3 years ago now Covid began. Do you think prices should have stayed the same or gone down? And how many things increase their products after 3 years when their increase their price. Lastly, you do know CCL incurred a ton of debt, but you are expecting prices not to increase, product to increase, and there isn't to be any cost cutting?

I have heard some cruise line air programs have problems with B2Bs like yours...but otherwise, I don't know any reason to book one method or the other. I am curious why you have to pay for bags one way, but not the other.

So, the purpose is to experience Emirates? Otherwise El Al or United fly from TLV to the US.

First world problem...

Hilo would be the best.

The latest time off the ship is a cruise line policy issue, not a port issue, so asking on the Carnival board is a good idea: https://boards.cruisecritic.com/forum/133-carnival-cruise-lines/ My guess is they will be pushing hard to make sure you are off by 9:30.

Shared with basketball.

For the weather, Google search a couple of your ports. For example "Barcelona May weather".

Crew gets out of position just like planes do, and have work hour limits. There aren't unlimited crew just standing around. Plus pilots have to be qualified for the plane type to fly. Then there is the question of which flights get prioritized for limited crew.

There was a fire in the control tower.

Related to HAL? Perhaps on the Cruise Air board. There are a huge number of variables to consider. But, generally, if your flights are the normally scheduled flights, and they are operating normally, if at all possible, they will operate normally. But the plane (and it's crew, which is just as complicated as the plane issues) you get on must be able to be there to pick you up...the delays and cancelations of the day(s) before can easily affect the plane you are scheduled to fly on.

Take a look on the Canada (Pacific) board, here: https://boards.cruisecritic.com/forum/23-canada-alaskapacific-coastal/ and the West Coast Departures board, here: https://boards.cruisecritic.com/forum/315-west-coast-departures/ That is where there is tons of info on Vancouver.

It is not possible to know everything about everything related to travel.

Each flight on each day has its own sales trend, and that info is pretty secret. Nobody is going to be able to tell you what your chances are. There is a common phrase here...do your research, find a price you can live with, buy, and DON'T LOOK BACK.